The Internet, The Web And Electronic Commerce

Posted by Zak at 18:49 0 comments

Wednesday 20 April 2011

Uniform Resource Locator (URL) -  Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) that specifies where an identified resource is available and the mechanism for retrieving it. In popular usage and in many technical documents and verbal discussions it is often incorrectly used as a synonym for URI. The best-known example of the use of URLs is for the addresses of web pages on the World Wide Web,such as http://www.example.com/.

HyperText Markup Language (HTML) - is the predominant markup language for web pages. HTML is the basic building-blocks of webpages. HTML is written in the form of HTML elements consisting of tags, enclosed in angle brackets (like <html>), within the web page content. HTML tags normally come in pairs like <h1> and </h1>. The first tag in a pair is the start tag, the second tag is the end tag (they are also called opening tags and closing tags). In between these tags web designers can add text, tables, images, etc.The purpose of a web browser is to read HTML documents and compose them into visual or audible web pages. The browser does not display the HTML tags, but uses the tags to interpret the content of the page.HTML elements form the building blocks of all websites. HTML allows images and objects to be embedded and can be used to create interactive forms. It provides a means to create structured documents by denoting structural semantics for text such as headings, paragraphs, lists, links, quotes and other items. It can embed scripts in languages such as JavaScript which affect the behavior of HTML webpages.

Java Script -  is a prototype-based, object-oriented scripting language that is dynamic, weakly typed and has first-class functions. It is also considered a functional programming language like Scheme and OCaml because it has closures and supports higher-order functions. JavaScript is an implementation of the ECMAScript language standard and is primarily used in the form of client-side JavaScript, implemented as part of a web browser in order to provide enhanced user interfaces and dynamic websites. This enables programmatic access to computational objects within a host environment. JavaScript's use in applications outside web pages—for example in PDF-documents, site-specific browsers and desktop widgets—is also significant. Newer and faster Javascript VMs and frameworks built upon them have also increased the popularity of Javascript for server-side web apps.

Applets - is any small application that performs one specific task that runs within the scope of a larger program, often as a plug-in. An applet typically also refers to Java applets, i.e., programs written in the Java programming language that are included in a web page.The word Applet was first used in 1993 by the application AppleScript.

Careers in IT

Posted by Zak at 17:42 0 comments

 WEBMASTER -  also called a web architect, web developer, site author, website administrator, or webmistress for females, is a person responsible for maintaining one or many websites. The duties of the webmaster may include ensuring that the web servers, hardware and software are operating accurately, designing the website, generating and revising web pages, replying to user comments, and examining traffic through the site. Webmasters "must also be well-versed in Web transaction software, payment-processing software, and security software." Webmasters may be generalists with HTML expertise who manage most or all aspects of Web operations. Depending on the nature of the websites they manage, webmasters typically know scripting languages such as Java script, Php and Perl. They may also be required to know how to configure web servers such as Apache or IIS and serve as the server administrator.

Computer Support Specialist - Computer support specialists help people with computer problems. Some computer support specialists called help-desk technicians field phone calls or e- mails or make house calls for people who are having difficulty with a particular piece of computer hardware or software. Most of these people who need help have no technical expertise. The support specialist asks the user to describe the problem as well as the commands that were entered or steps taken that led up to the problem. The support specialist may then repeat those steps on his or her own computer to try to duplicate the problem. If the problem was caused by user error, the specialist explains how the problem occurred and how to fix it. If the problem is due to a fault with the software or hardware, the specialist tries to determine the cause of the problem. This may require consulting with supervisors or computer programmers. Once the cause of the problem has been determined, the specialist walks the user through the steps required to fix it.


Technical Writer - Technical writers explain in simple language scientific and technical ideas that are difficult for the average reader to understand. Some write articles and reports on current trends in fields such as science and engineering. Many technical writers in this specialty are former scientists and technicians, but others work in nonscientific fields. For example, some work for insurance companies, explaining terms and procedures to insurance agents, claims adjusters, and other workers in the industry. Technical writers may be employed to write policies and procedures for any type of operation—from banking to shipping. They may also write different kinds of instruction manuals—from how to use a new appliance to how to build a model airplane. Some write press releases and other promotional materials for companies that sell products or services.


Software Engineer - The software engineer job encompasses a fairly wide range of responsibilities.
Smaller applications and systems may employ just a few software engineers to manage the full lifecycle software development process. Generally, for most large scale applications, jobs are broken down into groups that focus on one specific area of the software or just a specific function of the application or technology. For example, one system may employ a Software Architect, Design Engineer, Java Developer and Quality Assurance Engineer.


Network Administrator - A network administrator oversees computer networks to ensure that they function smoothly. A network consists of a grouping of computers that communicate with each other or a central computer known as a server, on which computer files, programs, and other information are stored. A network may be as small as two or three computers or as large as the Internet, the world's largest computer network.






Database Administrator - A database administrator (DBA) is responsible for the performance, integrity and security of a database. Additional role requirements are likely to include planning, development and troubleshooting. The database approach incorporates the following principles:
  • data remains consistent across the database;
  • data is clearly defined;
  • users access data concurrently, in a form that suits their needs;
  • there is provision for data security and recovery control (all data is retrievable in an emergency).
System Analyst -
  • Plan a system flow from the ground up.
  • Interact with customers to learn and document requirements that are then used to produce business requirements documents.
  • Write technical requirements from a critical phase.
  • Interact with designers to understand software limitations.
  • Perform system testing.
  • Deploy the completed system.
  • Document requirements or contribute to user manuals.
  • Whenever a development process is conducted, the system analyst is responsible for designing components and providing that information to the developer.
  • must meet the customer
Programmers - Computer programmers write, test, debug, and maintain the detailed instructions, called computer programs, that computers must follow to perform their functions. Programmers also conceive, design, and test logical structures for solving problems by computer. Many technical innovations in programming — advanced computing technologies and sophisticated new languages and programming tools — have redefined the role of a programmer and elevated much of the programming work done today. Job titles and descriptions may vary, depending on the organization.
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